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| 1675 |
| | | Christiaan Huygens, inventor of the pendulum clock, now develops the hairspring - of great future importance in watches | |
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| c. 1680 |
| | | The English clockmaker Thomas Tompion is the first to make successful use of the hairspring in pocket watches | |
|  | Pocket watch by Tompion
Fotofile CG
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| c. 1685 |
| | | Denis Papin, a French scientist working in England, demonstrates a pressure cooker fitted with a safety valve | |
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| 1698 |
| | | A maker of harpsichords in Florence, Bartolomeo Cristofori, develops the piano ('soft') and forte ('loud') feature which leads to the piano | |
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| 1709 |
| | | Abraham Darby at Coalbrookdale discovers the use of coke in the smelting of pig iron | |
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| 1714 |
| | | Fahrenheit perfects the mercury thermometer and decides on a 180-degree interval between the freezing and boiling points of water | |
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| 1714 |
| | | The British government offers a massive £20,000 prize for a chronometer capable of keeping accurate time at sea | |
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| 1731 |
| | | English maker of telescopes John Hadley designs the instrument which evolves into the standard sextant used at sea | |
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| 1733 |
| | | John Kay, working in the Lancashire woollen industry, patents the flying shuttle to speed up weaving | |
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| 1742 |
| | | Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius proposes 100 degrees between the freezing and boiling points of water | |
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